Sinomenine N-oxide is one of the major metabolites of the cyclic metabolic mechanism of Sinomenine.

BQ-3020 (TFA) is a selective ETB receptor agonist that inhibits [125I] et-1 binding to the ETB receptor in the cerebellum with a 0.2nm IC50, causing vasoconstriction.

(S)-Lisofylline is the inactive optical enantiomer of (R)-lisofylline which is an anti-inflammatory agent. (S)-Lisofylline is exclusively converted to pentoxifylline in human liver microsomes.