The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.

Oxazolone has been used as a haptenizing agent which can induce an inflammatory reaction in adult zebrafish intestinal tissues and this can be used as a model for gene expression studies of the two forms of inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

GK921 is a transglutaminase 2 (TGase) inhibitor.