L-alloisoleucine is a branched chain amino acid and is a stereoisomer of L-isoleucine. It is a common constituent of human plasma (albeit at low levels). L-alloisoleucine is produced as a byproduct of isoleucine transamination. Plasma L-alloisoleucine which is derived from L-isoleucine in vivo can be used for the diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) a genetic disorder.

Khellactone shows antitumor activity,it can suppress the growth of NCI-H460 tumor cells. (+)-4'-cis-Khellactone and (+)-3'-cis-khellactone have antiplasmodial activities, they show notable inhibitory activity against -sensitive strains of with IC(50) values from 1.5 and 2.4 microM.

Pseudin-2, an AMP thast could be isolated from the skin of the South American paradoxical frog Pseudis paradoxa, exert a potent growth inhibitory effect against Gram-negative bacteria.