TMRM Perchlorate is a cell-permeant cationic lipophilic red fluorescent dye (λex=530 nm, λem=592 nm). TMRM Perchlorate is a fluorescent probe (excitation, 530±21 nm; emission, 592±22 nm). In the presence of TMRM Perchlorate (2 μM) the coupled respiration with Complex I substrates or upon the addition of Complex II substrate is decreased by 27%.

Rubropunctamine is a red azaphilone pigment isolated from the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Rubropunctamine has anti-inflammation activities.

1-O-Hexadecyl-Rac-Glycerol is a marine derived natural products found in Tritoniella belli.