Chromogranin A (324-337), human is a peptide fragment of chromogranin A, it can be isolated from human ileal carcinoid tumor. Chromogranin A is a soluble glycoprotein stored with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of most (neuro)endocrine cells and neurons, and it is also a plasma marker of neuroendocrine tumors.

Guaiapate has an antitussive and sedative effect.

Melezitose is a nonreducing trisaccharide sugar that is produced by many plant sap-eating insects, including aphids such as Cinara pilicornis by an enzyme reaction.