Demethyleneberberine chloride is a natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Demethyleneberberine chloride alleviates mice colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells. Demethyleneberberine chloride could serve as a AMPK activator for researching non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

H-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 is a hexapeptide that is an essential fragment of laminin responsible for efficient cell adhesion and receptor binding. H-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 promotes various epithelial cell adhesion activities.

Galactinol Hydrate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as O-glycosyl compounds.?