TH1217, a potent and selective inhibitor of dCTPase pyrophosphatase 1 (dCTPase), demonstrates an IC50 value of 47 nM.

Physalin O possesses anti-inflammatory activity, it exhibited conjugating abilities with GSH and also showed significant nitric oxide (NO) production inhibiting activities.

Batatasin IV is identified from Dioscorea opposita which is a a type of homologous medicinal plant and is commonly used as food in daily life.