Methyl purple is an introduced quinone-imide redox dye that has been shown to be an exceptionally sensitive monitor of photosystem I activity in chloroplasts.

Adrenomedullin (rat) is an effective vasodilator peptide. Adrenomedullin is actively secreted by endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).

Magnolin reduces the renal oxidative stress, suppresses caspase-3 activity, and increases Bcl-2 expression in vivo and in vitro. Magnolin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.