Quercetin-3-O-D-glucosyl]-(1-2)-L-rhamnoside is main antioxidant from Shuxuening, an herbal medicines injection.

Xanthurenic acid, or xanthurenate, is a chemical shown to induce gametogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria.

2-Octenoic acid is a normal organic acid produced by hepatic microsomal oxidation of aliphatic aldehydes and is a metabolite naturally found in the urine and plasma.