Tirapazamine is a potent cytotoxic agent under hypoxic conditions, can induce apoptosis by inducing breaks in single and double-stranded DNA, as well as chromosomal breaks.

γ-Glu-Tyr (gamma-Glutamyltyrosine) is a kokumi peptide with competitive inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and is used in the study of diabetes mellitus.

VU0357121, a positive allosteric modulator of mGlu5 (EC50: 33 nM), is inactive or very weakly antagonizing at other mGlu receptor subtypes.