Amitivir is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Amitivir inhibits the replication of dividing MDCK cells.

Shikonin is an TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor (IC50: 6.5 μM). Shikonin is also a selective PKM2 inhibitor and can also suppress activation of the NF-κB pathway and inhibit TNF-α.

Gitogenin, tigogenin, and solasodine are novel selective inhibitors of UGT1A4, and do not inhibit the activities of major human CYP isoforms.