24-norursodeoxycholic acid is a side chain-shortened C23 homolog of UDCA.It has shown potent anti-inflammatory, anti-cholestatic, and anti-fibrotic properties.It is a Ursodeoxycholic Acid derivative. It is superior to Ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice24-norUrsodeoxycholic acid markedly improved liver tests and liver histology and significantly reduced hydroxyproline content and the number of infiltrating neutrophils and proliferating hepatocytes and cholangiocytes.?

L-alpha-Aminobutyric acid also known as (S)-2-aminobutanoic acid homoalanine 2-AABA ethylglycine or L-butyrine is a member of the class of compounds known as L-alpha-amino acids. L-alpha-Aminobutyric acid is a non-proteogenic amino acid that can be found in the human kidney in liver tissues and in most biofluids or excreta (e.g. feces breast milk urine and blood).

TAK-981 is a selective the SUMOylation enzymatic cascade inhibitor, has potential immune-activating and antineoplastic activities.