WRW4, a specific formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) antagonist, inhibits WKYMVm binding to FPRL1 with an IC50 of 0.23 μM. WRW4 specifically inhibits the increase in intracellular calcium by the FPRL1 agonists MMK-1, amyloid beta42 (Abeta42) peptide, and F peptide.

TMRM Perchlorate is a cell-permeant cationic lipophilic red fluorescent dye (λex=530 nm, λem=592 nm). TMRM Perchlorate is a fluorescent probe (excitation, 530±21 nm; emission, 592±22 nm). In the presence of TMRM Perchlorate (2 μM) the coupled respiration with Complex I substrates or upon the addition of Complex II substrate is decreased by 27%.

(R)-1-PeCSO (trans-(+)-S-1-Propenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide) is the most abundant flavor precursor in onions.