Chromium picolinate causes DNA damage and mutation. It is an activator of p38.

Potassium 7-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfona is naturally present in the fruit of the Rubiaceae gardenia, the flowers of the Iridaceae crocus, and the flowers and leaves of the Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae.

beta-L-D4A, a nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, exhibits biological activity by terminating DNA chain synthesis in the 5'-3' direction.