Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth.

β-Endorphin, rat (β-Lipotropin 61-91), a neuropeptide, is involved in cardiovascular regulation. β-Endorphin, rat induces marked, prolonged muscular rigidity and immobility similar to a catatonic state in rats.

HHQ is a PqsR antagonist.