Triparanol interferes with posttranslational modification of Hedgehog signaling molecules as well as the sterol sensing domain of its receptor PTCH1, leading to down-regulation of Hedgehog signaling.

Galgravin has anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, it can promote neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth, protect hippocampal neurons against amyloid beta peptide (Abeta25-35)-induced cytotoxicity, and protect against neuronal death from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced toxicity in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.

Myristoleic acid is a cytotoxic component in the extract from Serenoa repens. Myristoleic acid induces apoptosis and necrosis in human prostatic LNCaP cells.