In cells D-glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) is generated when glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase or glucokinase or by the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase during glycogenolysis. G6P lies at the beginning of both glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathways. It also can be stored as glycogen when blood glucose levels are high.

Arabinose is an aldopentose – a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde (CHO) functional group.

Evonimine (Euonine) is an alkaloid isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. Evonimine exhibits significant inhibition of humoral-mediated immunity using the haemolytic response as an indicator, and shows good anti-feeding activity against the lepidopteran Spodoptera littoralis.