Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects, it and other plant sterols often decrease LDL cholesterol levels overall. Campesterol has anti-inflammatory effect, it inhibits several pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation mediators typically involved in osteoarthritis- induced cartilage degradation, also sometimes used to treat some specific prostate conditions.

H-Leu-Leu-OMe HBr (L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester HBr) is a dipeptide condensation product of L-Leucine methyl ester, a peptide that is toxic to natural killer T-cells and possesses immunosuppressive activity that abrogates all natural killer (NK) cell functions in mixed lymphocyte populations.

Butyric acid is a fatty acid isolated from many dairy products that exhibits anticancer activity. Butyric acid inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs) and induces apoptosis and G1 phase cell cycle arrest in glioma cells.