Tyramine hydrochloride is a biogenic trace amine that is generated via the decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine?exhibiting neuromodulatory properties as well as cardiovascular and immunological effects.

Glycogen phosphorylase-IN-1 is a selective and potent inhibitor of human hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (hlGPa) with inhibitory effects on hlGPa activity and on hepatocyte glycogen-derived glucose production, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus and canine lupus.

Levothyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland, is the agonist of Thyroid hormone receptor alpha and beta.evothyroxine (L-T(4))can upregulate the expression of P-gp mRNA and protein in LS180 cells, but only L-T(4) and L-T(3) can produce the same effect in Caco-2 cells, which are relatively lacking in PXR.