Goodyeroside A is a glycoside compound derived from the plant Goodyera that exhibits significant hepatoprotective activity. It can inhibit liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.

(D-Arg8)-Dynorphin A (1-13)

Pronase E is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes that is obtained from Streptomyces griseus and could digest protein into individual amino acids.