4-Hydroxyisoleucine (HIL) from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds is a potential insulinotropic (anti-diabetic) and anti-obesity amino acid.

DL-O-Phosphoserine a normal metabolite in human biofluid is an ester of serine and phosphoric acid. Serine is one of three amino acid residues that are commonly phosphorylated by kinases during cell signaling in eukaryotes.

Cefpodoxime (free acid) is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is active against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides fragilis.