Annatto is a natural food coloring derived primarily from Bixa orellana L. Annatto has antitumor activity and at high doses increases the likelihood of cellular mutations.

Maltononaose is a linear oligosaccharide consisting of 9 glucose units linked by alpha-1, 4-glucoside bonds. Maltononaose is used as a substrate to study the subsites affinity of glucoamylase. Maltononaose can be used to determine the activity of amylase and to optimize the process of starch hydrolysis.

ANP [Des18-22] 4-23 amide rat is a polypeptide fragment of rat atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) that specifically binds NPR-C.