Ovatodiolide, a small molecule compound derived from fennel, has anti-inflammatory and potentially neuroprotective activity, inhibits colon tumorigenesis, and can be used in the study of neurological disorders.

This is amino acids 17 to 41 fragment of lactoferrin, known as lactoferricin B. This peptide shows anti-fungal properties in combination of other anti-fungal agents.Candida Albicans is one of the targets of the lactoferricin B.

Jacoline, jaconine, jacobine, and jacozine, the hepatotoxic alkaloids, are potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic and may pose health hazards to the human consumer.