This is amino acids 86 to 100 fragment of class II-associated invariant chain peptide called CLIP. The major histocompatibility complex class II molecule displays peptide fragments of foreign proteins to trigger a defensive reaction from the immune system. Before insertion of the foreign peptides into the binding groove, a place-holding peptide CLIP is removed. This is accomplished by the molecule DM, which is shown to increase the dissociation rate of a CLIP peptide from class II.

Xanthohumol has anti-hepatitis C virus, anti-carcinogenic, free radical-scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activities, it can inhibit HIV-1 induced cytopathic effects, the production of viral p24 antigen and reverse transcriptase in C8166 lymphocytes at non-cytotoxic concentration.

Combretol has leishmanicidal activity, it showed moderate activity (growth inhibition 87.3 and 73.0 %, respectively, at 50 μM) against a multidrug-resistant L. tropica line. Combretol also shows weakly active cytotoxic activity.