Indirubin is a potent cyclin-dependent kinases and GSK-3β inhibitor with IC50 of about 5 uM and 0.6 uM.

Cyanidin-3-O-[6-O-trans-caffeyl-(6-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-2-O-β-glucopyranosyl)]-β-glucopyranoside)-5-O-β-glucopyranoside

Tibesaikosaponin V (TKV) is a triterpene diglycoside, which can be isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.. Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits lipid accumulation and triacylglycerol content occurred without cytotoxicity to adipocytes. Tibesaikosaponin V suppresses the mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα). Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Tibesaikosaponin V can be used fro research of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders.