Catalposide is a potent inducer of (HO)-1 isolated from Catalpa ovate G. Don (Bignoniaceae). Catalposide possesses antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Cyclosporine is a calcineurin phosphatase pathway inhibitor, used as an immunosuppressant drug to prevent rejection in organ transplantation.

Arazine can be a a substrate for isoprenylcysteine methyltransferase by competing with prenylated G protein or its receptors site. Arazine is a cell-permeable modulator of G protein and GPCR signaling.