Soyasapogenol A shows estrogenic and hepatoprotective activities, it directly prevents apoptosis of hepatocytes, and secondly, inhibits the elevation of plasma TNF-α±, which consequently resulted in the prevention of liver damage in the concanavalin A-induced hepatitis model.

DL-Menthol is an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or mint oils with flavoring and local anesthetic properties.

Swertianine is a hydroxyexanthone that can be isolated from Swertia decussata. Swertianine has antioxidant activity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, scavenging DPPH and superoxide free radicals. Swertianine also inhibits γ-ray induced DNA damage of pBR322 with protective effect.