Sucrose Monododecanoate is a sugar-based surfactant, which can be used as mucosal adjuvant.

RH01386 is a small molecule that can prevent ER stress-induced β cell dysfunction and death, and inhibits proapoptotic gene expression,has the potential for type 2 diabetes treatment. RH01386 restores ER stress-impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion responses.

Sodium citrate (Natrocitral) is the sodium salt of citric acid.Citric acid trisodium induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase.