Plantagoside is a specific non-competitive inhibitor for jack bean alpha-mannosidase (IC50: 5 μM). It also is a potent inhibitor of the Maillard reaction.

PS-47 is an inactive E-isomer of PS48. PS48 is an activator of PDK1.

β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) is an opioid antagonist that binds μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors with Kis of 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively. β-Endorphin (1-27) (human) inhibits β-Endorphin-induced and etorphine-induced analgesia.