Ligurobustoside N (compound 2) is an antioxidative glycoside that can be isolated from the Leaves of Ligustrum robustum. Ligurobustoside N shows antioxidant effects and shows inhibition for AAPH induced hemolysis.

Antioxidant peptide A is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid.

9-(2,2-Dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ) is a fluorogenic dye that is considered a fluorescent molecular rotor because its properties depend on the rotational relaxation of the molecule, which can be influenced by the viscosity of the solvent used.