S-equol and R/S-equol estrogen receptor α2-selective phytoSERM treatments have potentiation of brain mitochondrial function.

2'-MeCCPA is a potent and highly selective A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) agonist with a K-value of 1.8 nM for AR. 2'-MeCCPA inhibits trichostatin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity with an IC value of 13.1 nM.

2-Deoxy-D-ribose induces apoptosis by inhibiting the synthesis and increasing the efflux of glutathione.