Carglumic acid is an orphan drug used for the treatment of hyperammonaemia in patients with N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency. This rare genetic disorder results in elevated blood levels of ammonia, which can eventually cross the blood-brain barrier and cause neurologic problems, cerebral edema, coma, and death.

Fmoc-N-Me-Ala-OH, an N-Fmoc-N-methyl amino acid, is available for the peptide-coupling reaction.

Lactulose is a non-absortable sugar used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy.