Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth.

Phosphorylase Kinase β-Subunit Fragment (420-436) is the β-Subunit fragment (peptide 430-436) of phosphorylase kinase. Phosphorylase kinase is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which activates glycogen phosphorylase to release glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen.

Inflachromene (ICM) is an inhibitor of HMGB1 and HMGB expression with anti-inflammatory activity.