TAT 14, a 14-mer peptide, is an Nrf2 activator with anti-inflammatory properties. TAT-14 increases Nrf2 protein levels due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1, but has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression.

Human PTH-(1-31) is the 1-31 fragment of human PTH. Human PTH-(1-31) stimulates the release of cAMP and also is a weaker stimulator of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase. Human PTH-(1-31) induces bone formation without inducing bone resorption. Human PTH-(1-31) has the potential for the research of osteoporosis.

[Ala13] - Apelin - 13