Hylambatin, a tachykinin, increases both plasma glucose and plasma insulin, whereas the secretion of glucagon was not affected. Hylambatin can be used in diabetes research.

Crenulatin has dual- direction effects on apoptosis of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, inhibitive effect in 25 mg/L and stimulative effect in 100 mg/L group, respectively; the mechanism is related to the alterations of Fas/Bcl-2 expression and caspase-3 activity.

Mito-LND is an orally active and mitochondria-targeted inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation.