R715 is a selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist. R715 significantly attenuates the hyperalgesic effect developed in Streptozotocin -diabetic mice.

Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS).

IKarisoside A(Baohuoside II) is a flavonol glycoside from the Berberidaceae plant Epimedium, with anti-inflammatory activity.