Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazine is a cell-permeable and relatively non-toxic iron (Fe3+) chelator that shows high iron chelation efficacy both in vitro and in vivo.

Oxyresveratrol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 3) is a natural product that can be obtained from the root bark of Morus atropurpurea. Oxyresveratrol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside has potential in studies of diabetes, arthritis, rheumatism, cough and headache.

Erythritol is a sugar alcohol used as low-calorie sweetener.