DL-Homocysteinethiolactone hydrochloride is a cysteine derivative that binds to and induces conformational changes in various plasma proteins slowing coagulation and inducing oxidative stress.?It decreases left ventricular systolic blood pressure and cardiac force and induces seizures in vivo.

Adenosylcobalamin is a biologically active form of vitamin B12 .It is a cofactor for methylmalonyl CoA mutase.?It belongs to the corrinoid group of compounds, which contain a corrin macrocycle, and is produced only by certain bacteria and archaea.?

Squalene is a natural organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil though there are botanical sources as well including rice bran wheat germ and olives.