Xanthohumol, prenylchacone flavonoid, is a natural product with multi-biofunctions purified from Hops Humulus lupulus. Xanthohumol is effective against HIV-1 and might serve as an interesting lead compound. It may represent a novel chemotherapeutic agent for HIV-1 infection.

(R)-Isomucronulatol (2H-1-Benzopyran-7-ol), a flavonoid that can be extracted from the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus, Sophora japonica, Sclerotium tigrinum, and Glycyrrhiza glabra, inhibits the proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs in the TNF-α microenvironment.

GSK854 is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of troponin I interacting kinase (TNNI3K) that inhibits myocardial infarction-injured cellular pyroptosis and apoptosis in mice, which may limit oxidative stress, injury, and adverse remodeling in the ischemic heart.