Pinobanksin 3-acetate, a flavonoid derivative, is a strong antioxidant found in sunflowers and honey that inhibits LDL peroxidation.

Monoethyl malonic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. Monoethyl malonic acid exists as a solid soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa).

Isoviolanthin reduces the migratory and invasive capacities of TGF-β1-treated HCC cells but exhibits no cytotoxic effects on normal live cells, and has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of advanced-stage metastatic HCC.