Columbianetin is a phytoalexin associated with celery (Apium graveolens) resistance to pathogens during storage. Columbianetin exhibits excellent anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory activity.

WKYMVM 2TFA is a N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) agonist.Neutrophils are activated by WKYMVM through FPRL1 and that FPRL2 is a chemotactic receptor transducing signals in myeloid cells.Using blood samples withdrawn from 28 AL patients and 31 healthy controls, found that, in the absence of exogenous WKYMVm, WKYMVm receptor and bactericidal activity did not differ between patients and controls.?

D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate is the intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism, including glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.