Sevelamer carbonate is a non-absorbed phosphate binding crosslinked polymer, with the same polymeric structure as sevelamer hydrochloride, in which carbonate replaces chloride as the counterion.

Neuromedin S (human) is a neuropeptide that contains 33 amino acids. Neuromedin S (human)has been identified in the brain as an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) FM-4/TGR-1 and acts on the neuromedin U (NMU) receptor 2 (NMUR2) in the regulation of body weight homeostasis.

N-Acetyl-L-histidine monohydrate (NAH) also exhibits a strong phylogenetic component in that it is a major osmolyte in the brain and eye of teleost (bony) fish, amphibians and reptiles, but is present in much lower amounts in brain and other tissues of homeothermic (endothermic) vertebrates.