11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate activates olfactory neurons located in the T1 sensilla on the antenna and mediates aggregation behavior in both male and female flies.

N-Acetyl-L-alanine is a substrate for Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) gamma-2 subunit Myelin basic protein GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran Tropomyosin alpha 4 chain HIV-1 Rev binding protein 2 Xaa-Pro dipeptidase Thymosin beta-10 Actin-like protein 3 Alanine aminotransferase Serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit 10 kDa heat shock protein (mitochondrial) Calmodulin and Beta-1-syntrophin.

2-Ketoglutaric acid is a key molecule in the tricarboxylic acid cycleis also connected to glutamic acid and glutamine metabolisms through the transamination reactions.