Antitumor agent-19 is an antitumor agent targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to serve as an effective TAMs modulator (EC50s: 17.18 μM and 18.87 μM in the RAW 264.7 cells and the BMDM cells).

HIF-1 alpha (556-574) is a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 19-mer fragment. HIF-1 functions as master regulator of response to oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia-induced gene expression is initiated when HIF-1subunit is stabilized in response to a lack of oxygen. This part of HIF-1 binds to the von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL) an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the proline 564 is absolutely vital to the binding process.

Magnoloside A has potent antifungal activities against various Cryptococcus strains with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 ug/ml.