Spiroxamine is a tertiary amine fungicide and an inhibitor of δ14 reductase and δ8→δ7 isomerase. Spiroxamine inhibits the growth of N. parvum, B. dothidea, D. seriata, and L. theobromae isolates from grape vines.

Abietic Acid is the primary component of resin acid isolated from rosin.

Indole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound. It has a bicyclic structure consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing pyrrole ring.