Apamin

Research use only, not for human use.

Apamin (Apamine) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity. Apamin is a bee venom component and is strongly basic in nature.

Apamin (Apamine) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity. Apamin is a bee venom component and is strongly basic in nature. (In Vitro):Apamin (0.5-2 μg/mL; 24 hours; HSC-T6 cells) treatment markedly reduces the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Apamin treatment abrogats the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1.(In Vivo):Apamin (0.1 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks; C57BL/6 male mice) treatment results in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Apamin suppresses the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed mice.

Apamin (0.5-2 μg/mL; 24 hours; HSC-T6 cells) treatment markedly reduces the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Apamin treatment abrogats the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1. Western Blot Analysis Cell Line:HSC-T6 cells Concentration:0.5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL Incubation Time:24 hours Result:Markedly reduced the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Abrogated the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1.

Apamin (0.1 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks; C57BL/6 male mice) treatment results in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Apamin suppresses the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed mice. Animal Model:8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (20-25 g) with DDC feeding Dosage:0.1 mg/kg Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks Result:Resulted in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Suppressed the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the DDC-fed mice.

Apamine

Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

Potassium Channel

K+ channel

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24345-16-2

2027.34

C79H131N31O24S4

>98% (HPLC)

In Vitro:?H2O : 100 mg/mL (49.33 mM)

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Sequence:Cys-Asn-Cys-Lys-Ala-Pro-Glu-Thr-Ala-Leu-Cys-Ala-Arg-Arg-Cys-Gln-Gln-His-NH2 (Disulfide bridge: Cys1-Cys11;Cys3-Cys15)

(-20℃)

With Ice Pack

≥ 2 years