2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid (2-hydroxyisovaleric acid) is a metabolite found in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria methylmalonic acidemia propionic acidemia 3-ketothiolase deficiency isovaleric acidemia 3-methylcrotonylglycemia 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acidemia multiple carboxylase deficiency glutaric aciduria ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency glyceroluria tyrosinemia type I galactosemia and maple syrup urine disease.

This is a fibronectin fragment, an adhesion peptide that displays strong binding affinity to thrombin-stimulated platelets. It is RGD consisting of sequence.

Dodecanal is a food additive found in Coriandrum sativum L. and is a flavoring agent commonly used in the skin care industry.