Kukoamine B mesylate is a novel cationic alkaloid derived from dermatophytes with antioxidant activity, inhibits LPS internalization in Kupffer and RAW 264.7 cells, and can be used to study acute inflammation and diabetes.

Tartaric acid occurs naturally in many plants particularly grapes and tamarinds and is one of the main acids found in wine.

Glycerol trilinoleate is a triacylglycerol and has been reported to provide a number of beneficial effects including reducing thrombogenicity and arrhythmias and increasing erythrocyte deformability. It is also an antioxidant.