Acetyl Coenzyme A trisodium (Acetyl-CoA trisodium) is an important compound in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism and is involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

DPPH is a cell-permeable, stable free radical that is commonly used to evaluate the ability of compounds to act as free radical scavengers or hydrogen donors and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extractsDPPH shows a strong absorption band at 517nm.

Keto-pantoyllactone is assayed by the ketopantoyl lactone-dependent oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.