Acetylshikonin can effectively inhibit tumor cells, it can be used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma cells expressing hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX) by inducing ER stress .

2-Undecanol (Undecan-2-ol) is a male specific compound extracted from aeration of live Lobiopa insularis beetles. 2-undecanol is a flower emitted volatile, used by various species of Hymenoptera as a pheromone component.

3-Mercaptopropionic acid (3-Sulfanylpropanoic acid) is an intermediate in the metabolism of organosulfur in the natural environment and is commonly used in nanoparticles.